Types of Rosacea: Symptoms, Triggers and Treatments
Rosacea is a common skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It's characterized by redness, visible blood vessels, and sometimes acne-like breakouts on the face. Join us as we delve into the symptoms, triggers, and types of rosacea, along with the differences between acne and rosacea and how to distinguish it from general redness and sensitivity.
What Is Rosacea?
Rosacea is a chronic skin disorder that is defined by facial flushing, redness, visible or broken capillaries, and can present acne-like bumps in different stages. It is often mistaken as acne, eczema, dry skin, or an allergic reaction, and can be accompanied by overly sensitive skin, burning, stinging, or thick, raised patches (called plaques) that appear as a rash. Rosacea progresses through stages (pre-rosacea, mild, moderate, and severe) with marked periods of flare-ups and remissions. There is no known cure for rosacea, but by recognizing triggers and using healing, barrier-boosting skincare, you can keep symptoms under control.
Symptoms of Rosacea
Rosacea can present one or more of these symptoms:
- Persistent facial redness or flushing
- Inflamed, acne-like bumps or rash
- Visible, broken blood vessels
- Thickening of skin
- Eye dryness or irritation
- Sensitivity, stinging, or burning
Types of Rosacea
Rosacea manifests in various forms, each with distinct symptoms. The four main types of rosacea are:
1. Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea (ETR)
ETR is the most common form of rosacea, primarily characterized by flushing, persistent redness, and visible blood vessels (telangiectasia) on the face.
2. Papulopustular Rosacea
Papulopustular rosacea is often confused with acne because it involves red bumps (papules) and pus-filled pimples (pustules). However, unlike acne, these breakouts are not typically accompanied by whiteheads and blackheads. Skin may feel hot to the touch with frequent breakouts. This type of rosacea predominantly affects middle-aged women.
3. Phymatous Rosacea
Phymatous Rosacea is less common but more severe. It causes thickening of the skin, usually around the nose, leading to a bulbous appearance known as rhinophyma. Phymatous rosacea can also affect the chin, forehead, cheeks, and ears. Men are more likely to develop this form of rosacea.
4. Ocular Rosacea
Ocular rosacea affects the eyes, causing symptoms like redness, dryness, irritation, and swollen eyelids. In severe cases, it can lead to vision problems if not properly treated. It's crucial to seek medical attention if you experience these symptoms to prevent further complications.
Rosacea Triggers
While the cause of rosacea is unknown, the triggers are easier to identify. Here are some of the most common factors that can contribute to rosacea flare-ups:
- Sun exposure
- Emotional stress
- Heavy exercise (hot yoga, spin class, etc.)
- Extreme temperatures (hot air, cold weather, humidity)
- Hot baths & showers, hot tubs, and saunas
- Heated blankets
- Indoor heating
- Skincare products containing alcohol or acids
- Cosmetics
- Spicy foods
- Dairy products
- Fermented foods
- Alcoholic beverages
- Hot drinks
- Chocolate
- Marinated meats
- Foods high in histamines (citrus, nuts, tomatoes, shellfish, etc.)
Acne Vs. Rosacea
While rosacea can commonly be mistaken for acne, there are some distinct differences in appearance and approaches to treatment.
- Acne can appear anywhere on the body, while rosacea is usually confined to the face.
- Acne typically involves blackheads and whiteheads, whereas rosacea does not.
- Rosacea breakouts are more likely to involve redness and visible blood vessels.
- Acne commonly affects teenagers and young adults, while rosacea often develops in people over the age of 30.
- Acne treatments usually involve benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, and retinoids; while rosacea management involves avoiding triggers and using gentle, anti-inflammatory skincare products. Laser treatments can help reduce redness and visible blood vessels, or for more severe cases, taking oral or topical antibiotics may be an option. We recommend signing up for our Acne Coaching program to find the best treatment options for you.
Redness/Sensitivity Vs. Rosacea
Here are a few ways you can distinguish general redness and sensitivity from rosacea.
- Persistent redness or flushing - While redness from sensitivity can be temporary and usually subsides with the removal of irritants, rosacea is a chronic condition with worsening symptoms.
- Skin feels hot - Rosacea is often accompanied by itching or burning along with the redness, and eyes may become irritated and appear watery or even bloodshot.
- Acne-like bumps - If you are experiencing pustules with your other symptoms, which do not include whiteheads or blackheads, it could be rosacea.
- Visible blood vessels - A key identifier with rosacea is visible or broken capillaries that appear in clusters, most often on the cheeks and nose.
Skincare Products To Help Manage Rosacea
The main thing when choosing skincare to help manage rosacea symptoms is to look for gentle formulations with anti-inflammatory ingredients. Here are some of our favorites:
- Rhonda Allison Rose Milk Cleanse - a gentle cleanser formulated specifically for rosacea-prone skin with ingredients to soothe, calm, hydrate, and soften overreactive skin.
- Colorescience All Calm Multi-Correction Serum - a lightweight, hydrating serum designed especially for sensitive, irritated, or rosacea-prone skin using proprietary Biosolace® complex to calm inflammation, support the skin barrier, and smooth overall texture.
- Hale & Hush Hydrate Gel - a soothing gel moisturizer that provides instant cooling to irritated skin and is loaded with antioxidants and anti-inflammatory botanicals to calm the skin and strengthen the barrier.
- GlyMed Plus Rosacea Relief - a calming, reparative cream that reduces inflammation and strengthens veins to alleviate redness and flushing.
- Face Reality HydraCalm Mask - an intensely hydrating, creamy mask infused with soothing and anti-inflammatory ingredients to help relieve redness, sensitivity, and itchiness, while improving moisture content in the skin.
